hi guyes!!!!!
lets discuss about genetic engineering and its role..  but first we will discuss about recombinent DNA technology

Recombinant DNA

“Recombinant DNA is a form of DNA which is constructed in laboratory”. It is generated by taking a piece of DNA from an organism. Recombinant DNA is used for many different purposes in research, for the production of medicines, in industries and many more. Recombinant DNA is an artificial form of DNA because that DNA does not exist in naturally in an organism so it is synthesized in laboratory by the joining of genes that would be taken from different sources (donor organism and vector ).This process is done by selecting a gene of interest from an donor organism. Before the use of Recombinant DNA Technology general methods were used to isolate a DNA from donor. Bulk of DNA extracted is taken out that will be genomic DNA Eukaryotes or genomic DNA Prokaryotes.

After that isolation ,cutting the gene from DNA at a specific point with the help of Restriction Restriction Endonucleases enzyme act as a Molecular scissors. Restriction enzyme are produced by the bacteria for their defence from phages .Restriction enzyme is important in suitable DNA manipulatoin. DNA is inserted into a circular piece of bacterial DNA(plasmid) or on a bacterial virus (phage).

Mostly bacterial plasmid is used as vector They are small ,usually carry only one gene or a few genes plasmid are circular, and have a single origin of replication. Plasmid DNA is denser then chromosomal DNA. Plasmid is carry genes for resistance to the antibiotic (Tetracycline and Amphiciline). Tetracycline is used to separate the plasmid DNA from the bacterial chromosomal DNA.

By the use of same restriction enzyme plasmid and host DNA cuts and form the sticky ends of same shape. The principle is that if two different DNA molecules are cut with the same restriction enzyme both fragments with the same complementary sticky ends comes, it is possible for DNA chimeras(plasmid contain other organism DNA). The gene of interest is joined with the sticky ends with the help of another enzyme DNA ligase, which ligeted plasmid with host DNA. Recombinant DNA is then interduced in to the bacterial cell by the process of transformation .After that it is inserted in a host organism .where plasmid vector able to replicate .The resulting colony of bacteria will contain billions of copies .  

hi guyes!!!!!!
welcome to plant information center
today we will discuss about fungi
fungi is decomposer which is placed in kingdom fungi. fungi have both the characters of plants and animals. such that it has cellwall like plant have but does not make food like animals. therefore there was great problem in the placement of fungi. there fore new kingdom was assinged to fungi which was kingdom fungi.
fungi make many associations with other organisams
                                       
                                                    fungi  + algae=  lichen

    this is lichen

some fungi are eatable...





this is mushroom, type of fungi and this is eatable....

so this is it.
and message of the day is
DONT' BE SO PROUDY BECAUSE PRIDE PERSON FORGETS THE GOD 

look this slide???

this is stem of albezia!

welcome back
i m going to perform thesis about heavy metal stress on albezia lebbak plant.
let see whats happen
the selected metals are lead nitrate and nickel nitrate.

hi guys!

what is the meaning of anatomy??

Anatomy is the branch of biology concerned with the study of the structure of organisms and their parts.
anatomy may be of plant or animals etc.

for example!!

                                                 

hi guys!!!!!!!
i am back
welcome to plant information center
today it is interesting to know about mycorrhizal symbiosis

mycorrhiza is symbiotic association between fungi and plant root.
as we know that inspite of nitrogen fixation bacteria, fungi also show symbiotic association and this is mycorrhiza.
mycorrhiza may be:-

1) Ecto-mycorrhiza
2) Endo-mycorrhiza

hi guys
 today i am going to tell you that plant has many defensive mechanisms. they release the chemicals which protect the plant against herbivores as well as other plants. these chemicals are known as chemical weapons.

can plant hear????? 

this is the main topic of my discussion. what do you think? i mean in humans ears play an important in hearing but plants do not have ears. and also that what is the meaning of hearing in the case of plants.

in order to know that you should know the concept of herbivores. 

herbivores

they are the animals that feed on plant. the are cow, goat etc

another terms that we use is grazing and browsing.

grazing

the animals that eat whole of plant include stem, leaves and root. mostly the plant habit is herb. like goat

browsing

in this case the leaves of the plants are eaten and plant then regenerate its leaves again. like giraffe eat leaves of tree

after getting that concept now i am coming to my point. can plant hear?      

my answer is yes!!

in the case of herbivorey when leaves are going to be eaten by an animal then, leaves on that side produce chemicals after sometime this stimulus is hear by the leaves that present on either side of that plant. then they also produce that specific chemical before the attack of that herbivore. hence by receiving the stimulus plant defend its self against the animals.